Introduction to Optical Fiber Cable Types and Specification Parameters

Introduction to Optical Fiber Cable Types and Specification Parameters

Optical Fiber Types (Core Components)

Single-mode Optical Fiber (SMF, for Long-distance & High-speed Transmission)

G.652.D (B1.1): Universal standard single-mode fiber with dual transmission windows at 1310 nm and 1550 nm.

G.652.D Low Water Peak Fiber (B1.3): Eliminates the water absorption peak at 1383 nm to realize full-spectrum transmission.

G.657.A1/A2 (B6): Bend-insensitive optical fiber, optimally applied for fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) and building corridor wiring scenarios.

G.655 (B4): Non-zero dispersion-shifted optical fiber, specially designed for long-distance Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) systems.

Multi-mode Optical Fiber (MMF, for Short-distance & Data Center Application)

OM1 (A1b): 62.5/125 μm core/cladding diameter, legacy fiber type for low-speed transmission.

OM2 (A1a): 50/125 μm core/cladding diameter, applicable for 100 Mbps to 1 Gbps transmission.

OM3 (A1a.2): Laser-optimized multi-mode fiber, supporting 10 Gbps transmission up to 300 meters.

OM4 (A1a.3): Mainstream fiber for data centers, supporting 10 Gbps transmission up to 550 meters.

OM5: Wideband multi-mode fiber, compatible with Short Wavelength Division Multiplexing (SWDM) technology.

Naming Convention for Optical Cables (Standard: YD/T 908)

Naming Format: GYTA - 12B1.3

Application Prefix: GY = Outdoor optical cable; GJ = Indoor optical cable; GH = Submarine optical cable

Filling Type (T): Gel-filled structure with water-blocking ointment

Sheath Type: A = Aluminum-polyethylene composite sheath; S = Steel strip sheath

Armoring Code (53): Double sheath with steel strip armoring for direct burial application

Fiber Count (12): 12 optical fibers within the cable

Fiber Type Code (B1.3): B = Single-mode fiber; A = Multi-mode fiber

Common Outdoor Optical Cables (GY Series)

GYTA (Layer-stranded Aluminum Sheath Optical Cable)

Structure: Loose tube layer-stranded structure, longitudinally wrapped aluminum strip, polyethylene (PE) outer sheath

Fiber Count: 2 to 288 cores

Application Scenarios: Aerial laying and pipeline burial for metropolitan area networks (MAN) and residential communities

Advantages: Excellent moisture resistance and cost-performance ratio

GYTS (Layer-stranded Steel Sheath Optical Cable)

Structure: Loose tube layer-stranded structure, steel strip armoring, PE outer sheath

Application Scenarios: Pipeline burial and light-duty direct burial engineering

Advantages: High compression resistance, rodent proof, and higher mechanical strength than GYTA

GYXTW (Central Loose Tube Optical Cable)

Structure: Single central loose tube, steel strip reinforcement, PE outer sheath

Fiber Count: ≤ 12 cores (small fiber count cable)

Application Scenarios: Aerial laying and short-distance pipeline burial

Advantages: Small outer diameter, light weight, and convenient construction

GYTA53 (Double-armored Double-sheathed Direct Burial Optical Cable)

Structure: Dual armoring with aluminum strip and steel strip, double PE sheath

Application Scenarios: Long-distance direct burial, underwater laying, and strong electromagnetic interference areas

Advantages: Superior compression resistance, termite and rodent proof, and full water-blocking performance

GYFTY (Non-metallic Optical Cable)

Structure: Non-metallic strength member, all-non-metallic cable structure

Application Scenarios: High-voltage power facilities, lightning-prone areas, and transformer substations

Advantages: Lightning protection and anti-electromagnetic interference capability

GYDTA (Optical Fiber Ribbon Cable)

Structure: High-density fiber ribbon structure (12 fibers per ribbon)

Fiber Count: 96 to 288 cores

Application Scenarios: High-core-count wiring for data centers and metropolitan area networks

Advantages: Fast splicing efficiency and high fiber density

Indoor Optical Cables (GJ Series)

GJFJV (General Indoor Optical Cable)

Structure: Tight-buffered fiber, PVC/LSZH (Low Smoke Zero Halogen) sheath

Fiber Count: 2 to 24 cores

Application Scenarios: Computer rooms, building interior wiring, and optical jumpers

GJFJZY (Flame-retardant Low Smoke Zero Halogen Indoor Optical Cable)

Application Scenarios: Environment-friendly and flame-retardant scenarios including subways, tunnels, high-rise buildings, and hospitals

Quick Selection Reference Table by Application Scenario