Abstract: The structure of the power grid is complex, the operation mode is changeable, and all kinds of switching operations are many and very important.
This paper analyzes the causes of high voltage electrical misoperation and puts forward the corresponding preventive measures.
Key words: Electrical;
Reversing operation;
Wrong operation
In the substation operation work, electrical brake operation is one of the basic work of substation operation work, and electric pour brake operation is a complex and meticulous work, one of neglect, careless in the operation, can cause electrical wrong operation, circuit power outages, equipment damage, caused serious personal casualty, column grid solution, serious losses to the people and the country.
Therefore, the prevention of electrical misoperation is of great significance to substation operation.
Causes of electrical misoperation
1. The technical quality of operation personnel is not high
Electric operation requires the operator to have strong professional knowledge, familiar with various procedures and systems.
Only when you are familiar with the function, performance, position of the electrical equipment and the relevant safety precautions, familiar with the wiring mode and operation mode of the electrical equipment, and master the relevant regulations and systems, can you carry out the correct switch down operation.
Now, due to the accelerating pace of power grid construction, the demand for operators is also increasing. Operators can not well grasp various procedures and systems after a short period of training, and they can not understand the safety knowledge very well. When they encounter abnormal situations, they are in a hurry, resulting in wrong operation.
2. People habitually violate regulations
Operation personnel can not strictly implement the rules, systems, completely rely on fluke psychology, or too confident, not according to the rules, systems, resulting in electrical misoperation, mainly manifested in the following points.
(1) the operation personnel can not strictly implement the "two ticket three system", think that the operation is simple, sometimes do not write the operation ticket or fill in the operation ticket is not serious enough, resulting in the operation ticket error, completely rely on their own subjective judgment to operate.
(2) The personnel are paralysed and loose in thought. They do not count or recite tickets in the operation process, do not carefully check the equipment name and number, and the guardianship system becomes a mere formality.
Operator and guardian dislocation, do not perform their duties, and even leave the operator to do other work, and even with the operator to operate, in fact often become a single operation, lost the guardianship.
(3) The personnel do not understand the operation task and operation scope, will be a formality or do not carry out in advance, blind operation, there is a fluke mind.
(4) the operation inspection is not serious and careful, the inspectors watch from a distance, the inspection is not in place, the phase separation equipment can not be checked item by item, see one of the phases that the equipment is all separated, the monitoring operator does not carefully check the monitoring status changes of the equipment after the operation, will cause the wrong operation with the ground knife power transmission.
(5) close the grounding switch or install the grounding wire, omit the operation steps, for fear of trouble;
For the sake of saving trouble, do not carry out electric inspection, operate by personal subjective judgment.
(6) The inspection and audit of the operation ticket is not strict. After the operator fills in the operation ticket, the person in charge on duty makes a cursory inspection of the review of the operation ticket, or even carries out the operation without checking. The wrong operation steps can not be found in time, leading to the occurrence of misoperation.
3. Bad mental state of personnel
Due to the lack of personnel in the station, some personnel on duty continuously, resulting in mental exhaustion, insufficient concentration of thought in the operation, excessive physical consumption in the operation process, or with illness on duty, easy to cause electrical misoperation accidents.
4. Imperfect anti-error locking device or lax management
Anti-error locking device is a mandatory technical measure to prevent electrical misoperation accidents. When human factors cause mistakes, as long as there is a perfect and reliable anti-error locking device, it can also prevent the occurrence of misoperation accidents.
At present, most of the anti-error locking devices we use are mechanical program locking, electromagnetic locking and microcomputer locking devices.
Due to the poor quality of some products and installation and debugging, as well as the improper use and maintenance of operators, it is easy to cause the failure of anti-error locking device, such as sticking astringent, failure, and can not play the role of anti-error locking.
In the process of using the operation personnel encountered five anti-lock can not open, do not analyze the reasons for the blind unlock, do not use the unlock key according to the provisions, or even the lock smashed, so that the anti-error locking device failed to play a full role resulting in misoperation.
Two, electrical misoperation preventive measures
1. Strengthen ideological education of operation personnel and improve safety awareness
If a person does not have a sense of responsibility, no matter how high the diploma is, how skilled the technology is, how perfect the rules and regulations are, and how well the operation plan and guidance are written, there may be accidents.
Therefore, it is necessary to carry out safety ideological education to the operation personnel from time to time, and let the operation personnel realize the seriousness of the consequences of illegal operation through various cases of misoperation, so as to make the alarm bell ring and think of danger in times of peace.
No matter the site operation is complex or simple, no matter whether the leader is present or not, we must conscientiously and strictly implement the safety rules and systems, and strictly implement the organizational measures and technical measures to ensure safety.
2. Formulate standardized instructions for substation and switching operation
Each substation has its own characteristics in the wiring mode and performance of the primary and secondary equipment, and the operators have their own differences in technical quality, which requires us to write the standardized instructions for the switching operation of each station according to the characteristics and operation requirements of the substation equipment, and specify the operational details.
It is an effective measure to reduce the chance of random operation by standardizing every step and operation mode from work preparation to implementation.
3. Strengthen personnel technical training and improve business technical level
The quickening pace of power grid construction, personnel training and need not synchronous, causing some jobs need workers work ahead of time, and these personnel for equipment performance, equipment principle not grasp well, can't timely and accurate for the accident is analyzed, and 90% are sudden power accident, operation personnel can't accurate, analysis the cause of the problem quickly and cause maloperation in panic in the processing, extend the accident.
Therefore, it is necessary to increase the training of operation personnel, carry out various training courses on a regular basis, actively participate in various learning classes organized by the unit and the superior unit, organize operation personnel to study the "Electric Safety Work Rules" and other regulations and systems related to substation operation, and conduct tests from time to time to test the effect of learning.
Substations should often carry out various drills to improve the ability of operators to deal with accidents, so as to improve the response ability of operators to deal with accidents and anomalies, and to be fearless in the face of danger.
Only in this way can we fundamentally improve the operational quality of substation operators and provide staying power for safe operation.
4. Improve the anti-error locking device and strengthen management
Anti-error locking device is a mandatory technical measure to prevent electrical misoperation accidents.
When human factors cause errors, if there is a perfect and reliable anti-error locking device can prevent the occurrence of misoperation accidents.
It is necessary to implement the responsibility system of anti-error operation, set up a special person in the station to be responsible for the operation management of anti-error locking device, strengthen the training of the operation personnel on the use and maintenance of anti-error locking device, improve the operation personnel's understanding of the performance and structure of anti-error locking device, and master the correct use and maintenance methods.
When the anti-error locking device fails, it should be replaced and maintained in time to ensure that the anti-error locking device can play an anti-error role all the time. When the anti-error locking device needs to be withdrawn from operation, it can be withdrawn from operation only with the approval of the supervisor of the unit.
To formulate and improve the system of anti lock by mistake operation, maintenance and management, strengthen management, to ensure normal operation of has installed anti lock by mistake, the operators shall not be arbitrarily use unlock keys to unlock, when you meet the operating because of error prevention device can't to find out the reason, only in this way, can we truly achieve prevent wrong operation.
5. Strictly implement the monitoring and repeating system, and strictly control the quality of the site
For the more important operations must be checked by the stationmaster or deputy stationmaster at the scene, the general operation should also be monitored in place, careful operation.
During the operation, the guardian must concentrate on the monitoring and is not allowed to participate in the operation or engage in other work.
In the guardianship should first check the accuracy of the equipment position, and then insist on the implementation of the recitation system.
Only if the guardian confirms it and issues "Yes, execute!"
After the command, the operator is allowed to operate.
In order to prevent skipping or missing items, it is necessary to mark "√" on the item number immediately after each operation.
Practice has proved that the implementation of operation monitoring in place, strict quality control on site, timely correction of habitual violations, not only can effectively prevent the occurrence of electrical misoperation accidents, but also to improve the operation level of operators, shorten the operation time, improve the utilization rate of equipment is of great significance.
III. Concluding remarks
To sum up, in order to prevent the occurrence of electrical misoperation accidents, it is necessary to continuously improve the technical quality of operators;
Operation personnel on duty should strictly implement the management system, carefully and conscientiously implement the procedures and systems in the operation, strictly implement the "two ticket three system", and treat each operation with a high sense of responsibility;
Correct use of anti - error locking device to make it play a greater role.
In this way, we can avoid the occurrence of electrical misoperation accidents and ensure the safe and reliable operation of the power grid.